第 1 單元，第 1 課
That Sports Dude《勇敢》節選〈那個運動型男生〉
這課一眼看
Reading strategy: Monitor understanding閱讀策略：監控理解
- monitor understanding監控理解: To check while reading that you understand, and fix problems.
Grammar: Simple present and present progressive文法：現在簡單式與現在進行式
- simple present tense現在簡單式: A verb tense for facts, habits, daily activities and opinions.
- present progressive現在進行式: A verb tense with am/is/are + -ing for actions happening now.
Words to know重要單字
- awkward尷尬的；不自在的: Feeling uncomfortable or embarrassed in a situation.
- artist藝術家；畫家: A person who creates art, such as drawings or paintings.
- alone單獨的；獨自: Without other people.
- presentation報告；簡報: A talk that gives information to a group of people.
- volunteer自願；志工: To offer to do something without being asked.
- cool很酷的；受歡迎的: Very good, stylish, or liked by many people.
- empathy同理心: Understanding and sharing the feelings of another person.
- imagine想像: To make a picture or idea in your mind.
- treat對待: To act toward someone in a certain way.
- badly差勁地；惡劣地: In a bad or unkind way.
- impact影響: An effect or change that something causes.
1About the text認識這篇文章
AA graphic novel about a shy artist一位害羞小畫家的圖像小說
- This reading comes from Brave, a graphic novel by Svetlana Chmakova. A graphic novel is like a long comic book: it tells a story through pictures and speech bubbles. The author both writes the story and draws the art. She grew up in Russia and moved to Canada at age sixteen. The story is set in a middle school, and the main character, Jensen, is a quiet boy who loves drawing.這篇文章節選自斯薇特拉娜．契瑪柯娃（Svetlana Chmakova）的圖像小說《勇敢》（Brave）。圖像小說用圖畫和對話框來說故事，就像一本很長的漫畫書。作者自己寫故事、也自己畫圖。她十六歲時從俄羅斯搬到加拿大。故事發生在一所中學，主角詹森（Jensen）是個安靜、熱愛畫畫的男孩。
Main characters主要角色
| Character角色 | Who he or she is人物介紹 |
|---|---|
| Jensen詹森 | A shy student who is great at drawing. He often feels uncomfortable with new people.害羞的學生，很會畫畫，和不熟的人相處時常覺得不自在。 |
| Jorge荷黑（Jorge） | A big, sporty student who loves baseball. He is friendly and fair.高大、愛運動的學生，熱愛棒球，友善又公平。 |
| Miss Lee李老師 | The English teacher. She asks for a volunteer to work with Jensen.英文老師，請一位自願者和詹森一組。 |
| Sean尚恩（Sean） | One of Jorge's friends. He does not like the boys who bother Jensen.荷黑的朋友之一，不喜歡那兩個欺負詹森的男生。 |
| Yanic and Foster亞尼克和佛斯特 | Two boys who make fun of Jensen at lunch.午餐時取笑詹森的兩個男生。 |
BWhat happens in the story故事情節
- In English class, students form small groups for a project. Nobody picks Jensen, and he thinks about working by himself.
- Jorge, the baseball fan, offers to leave his group and be Jensen's partner. Jensen is nervous, because he knows almost nothing about baseball.
- They choose to report on how baseball changed American culture.
- At lunch, two boys laugh at Jensen's drawings. Jorge and his friends sit with Jensen, and the two boys go away.
- 英文課上，同學要分小組做報告。沒有人選詹森，他想乾脆自己一組。
- 熱愛棒球的荷黑自願離開原本的組，當詹森的夥伴。詹森很緊張，因為他幾乎不懂棒球。
- 他們決定報告棒球如何影響美國文化。
- 午餐時，兩個男生嘲笑詹森的畫。荷黑和朋友們坐到詹森旁邊，那兩個男生就走開了。
- Jensen must join a tutoring group, so he will miss Art Club. He worries that his art friends will forget him. Jorge says real friends support you even when you are not there.
- Jorge writes the report, and Jensen draws pictures of important moments in baseball history. Jorge tells him he is a really good artist, and Jensen starts to see Jorge as a friend.
- 詹森必須參加課後輔導，所以會錯過美術社。他擔心美術社的朋友會忘了他。荷黑說，真正的朋友就算你不在場也會挺你。
- 荷黑負責寫報告，詹森負責畫棒球史上的重要時刻。荷黑稱讚他畫得非常好，詹森開始把荷黑當成朋友。
- The story connects to the unit question: Why is empathy important? Jorge notices how Jensen feels when no one picks him, and he acts kindly. He does not make fun of Jensen's interests. Small actions, like sitting with someone at lunch, can change a person's whole day. Empathy can turn a stranger into a friend.這個故事連結到本單元的核心問題：為什麼同理心很重要？荷黑注意到沒人選詹森時詹森的感受，於是用行動表達善意。他沒有取笑詹森的興趣。像午餐時坐在某人身邊這樣的小舉動，就能改變一個人的一整天。同理心可以讓陌生人變成朋友。
自我檢查
How does Jensen's opinion of Jorge change in the story?故事中詹森對荷黑的看法有什麼改變？
看答案
At first, Jensen feels nervous around Jorge because Jorge is big and loves sports. Later, Jorge is kind to him and praises his drawings, so Jensen sees him as a good friend.一開始詹森在荷黑身邊很緊張，因為荷黑很高大又愛運動。後來荷黑對他很好，還稱讚他的畫，所以詹森把他當成好朋友。
2Reading strategy: Monitor understanding閱讀策略：監控理解
ACheck that you understand確認自己讀懂了
- When you monitor understanding, you keep checking your own reading. Good readers notice when something does not make sense. They stop, fix the problem, and then read on. This is very useful in a graphic novel, because characters often use slang and short, informal sentences.「監控理解」就是在閱讀時不斷檢查自己有沒有讀懂。好的讀者會察覺哪裡不合理，先停下來解決問題，再繼續讀。這個策略在讀圖像小說時特別有用，因為角色常常使用俚語和簡短、口語的句子。
How to monitor understanding如何監控理解
| Step步驟 | What to do做法 |
|---|---|
| 1. Pause1. 暫停 | Stop after each page or section. Ask: Does this make sense? Is there a word I don't know? What just happened?每讀完一頁或一段就停一下，問自己：這說得通嗎？有不認識的字嗎？剛剛發生了什麼事？ |
| 2. Notice the problem2. 發現問題 | If you feel lost, stop reading for a moment.如果覺得讀不懂，就先暫停。 |
| 3. Fix it3. 解決問題 | Choose a fix-up strategy from the table below.從下表選一個補救策略。 |
Fix-up strategies補救策略
| Strategy策略 | Example of what you think你可能會這樣想 |
|---|---|
| Reread重讀 | Let me read that sentence again slowly.我再慢慢讀一次那個句子。 |
| Try another word換個字試試 | Which simple word could fit in this place?這裡可以換成哪個簡單的字？ |
| Read ahead往下讀 | Maybe the next frames will explain it.也許接下來幾格會解釋。 |
| Look at the pictures看圖 | The character's face looks worried, so the words are probably negative.角色的表情看起來很擔心，所以這些話大概是負面的。 |
| Connect to your life連結自身經驗 | This happened to me once, so I know how he feels.我也遇過這種事，所以懂他的感受。 |
BTry it實際練習
- Imagine a comic frame. A boy holds a test paper with a big A+ on it. He shouts that he totally crushed his math test. You know crush means to press something flat, but that meaning does not fit here. You look at the picture: he is smiling and jumping. You read ahead: his friend gives him a high five. So here, crushed means did very well on.想像一格漫畫：一個男孩拿著寫有大大 A+ 的考卷，大喊他把數學考試「crushed」了。你知道 crush 的意思是把東西壓扁，但這裡說不通。你看圖：他在笑、在跳。你往下讀：朋友跟他擊掌。所以這裡的 crushed 意思是「考得非常好」。
注意
In a graphic novel, the pictures are part of the text. Faces, body language, and sound words often explain a confusing line.在圖像小說裡，圖畫也是文本的一部分。表情、肢體動作和狀聲詞常常能幫你理解看不懂的句子。
自我檢查
You do not understand a slang phrase in a comic frame. Name two fix-up strategies you can use.你看不懂漫畫某一格裡的俚語。請說出兩個可以使用的補救策略。
看答案
I can read ahead to the next frames, and I can look closely at the pictures, like the characters' faces. I can also try a simpler word that fits.我可以往下讀後面幾格，也可以仔細看圖，例如角色的表情。我也可以試著換一個意思相符的簡單字。
3Grammar: Simple present and present progressive文法：現在簡單式與現在進行式
ASimple present tense現在簡單式
- Use the simple present tense for facts, habits, daily activities, and opinions. With he, she, or it, the verb ends in -s or -es. For questions and negatives, use do or does with the base verb: Does he like art? He doesn't play baseball.現在簡單式用來表達事實、習慣、日常活動和意見。主詞是 he、she、it 時，動詞要加 -s 或 -es。疑問句和否定句用 do 或 does 加原形動詞：Does he like art?（他喜歡美術嗎？）He doesn't play baseball.（他不打棒球。）
When to use the simple present何時用現在簡單式
| Use用法 | Example例句 |
|---|---|
| Fact事實 | The sun rises in the east.太陽從東邊升起。 |
| Habit習慣 | My sister draws in her sketchbook every night.我姊姊每天晚上都在素描本上畫畫。 |
| Daily activity日常活動 | We have lunch at twelve o'clock.我們十二點吃午餐。 |
| Opinion意見 | That movie looks exciting.那部電影看起來很刺激。 |
Adding -s or -es第三人稱單數加 -s 或 -es
| Verb ending動詞結尾 | Rule規則 | Example例子 |
|---|---|---|
| most verbs大部分動詞 | add -s加 -s | play → playsplay → plays |
| -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o-s、-sh、-ch、-x、-o | add -es加 -es | watch → watches, go → goeswatch → watches、go → goes |
| consonant + -y子音 + -y | change y to -ies去 y 加 -ies | study → studiesstudy → studies |
| havehave | irregular不規則 | have → hashave → has |
BPresent progressive現在進行式
- Use the present progressive for actions happening right now, or for plans in the near future. Form it with am, is, or are plus the -ing form of the verb. Time words like now, right now, at the moment, and today often go with it.現在進行式用來表達「此刻正在進行」的動作，或不久後的計畫。句型是 am / is / are 加上動詞 -ing。常搭配 now、right now、at the moment、today 等時間詞。
Present progressive forms現在進行式的形式
| Subject主詞 | bebe 動詞 | Example例句 |
|---|---|---|
| II | amam | I am writing an email now.我現在正在寫電子郵件。 |
| he / she / ithe / she / it | isis | She is painting a poster for the club.她正在為社團畫海報。 |
| we / you / theywe / you / they | areare | They are practicing for the concert today.他們今天正在為音樂會練習。 |
Compare the two tenses比較兩種時態
| Simple present (usually)現在簡單式（通常） | Present progressive (now)現在進行式（現在） |
|---|---|
| Jorge plays baseball every weekend.荷黑每個週末都打棒球。 | Jorge is playing baseball right now.荷黑現在正在打棒球。 |
| I usually walk to school.我通常走路上學。 | Today I am taking the bus.今天我正在搭公車。 |
注意
Common mistakes: Don't forget am, is, or are. Say I am studying, not I studying or I am study. Also, verbs like know, like, want, need, and seem usually stay in the simple present: I know the answer, not I am knowing the answer.常見錯誤：別忘了 am / is / are。要說 I am studying，不能說 I studying 或 I am study。另外，know、like、want、need、seem 這類動詞通常用現在簡單式：要說 I know the answer，不說 I am knowing the answer。
自我檢查
Correct the errors. (1) She draw comics every day. (2) Look! They play soccer now.改正錯誤。(1) She draw comics every day. (2) Look! They play soccer now.
看答案
(1) She draws comics every day. (2) Look! They are playing soccer now.(1) She draws comics every day.（主詞是 she，動詞加 -s。）(2) Look! They are playing soccer now.（now 表示正在進行。）
自我檢查
Choose the correct form: Jensen usually (eats / is eating) lunch with his art friends, but today he (eats / is eating) with Jorge.選出正確形式：Jensen usually (eats / is eating) lunch with his art friends, but today he (eats / is eating) with Jorge.
看答案
eats; is eating. Usually shows a habit, and today shows something different happening now.eats；is eating。usually 表示習慣用現在簡單式；today 表示今天不同的情況，用現在進行式。
4Words to know重要單字
AKey words from the story故事關鍵字
- I feel awkward when I forget someone's name.
- My aunt is an artist. She paints pictures of the sea.
- Ming is sitting alone at lunch, so I ask him to join us.
- Our group is giving a science presentation on Friday.
- Two students volunteer to clean the classroom after school.
- Everyone thinks the new skateboard trick is cool.
- 我忘記別人的名字時會覺得很尷尬。
- 我阿姨是藝術家，她畫大海的圖。
- 小明午餐時一個人坐，所以我邀他加入我們。
- 我們這組星期五要做科學報告。
- 兩位學生自願放學後打掃教室。
- 大家都覺得那個新的滑板招式很酷。
注意
Volunteer can be a verb (to offer to do something) or a noun (a person who offers to help). Cool can mean a little cold, or it can mean great and popular.volunteer 可以當動詞（自願做某事），也可以當名詞（志工、自願者）。cool 可以指「涼爽的」，也可以指「很酷的、受歡迎的」。
BUnit theme words單元主題字
- These words help you talk about the unit question.
- Empathy means you understand and share another person's feelings.
- I imagine how a new student feels on the first day.
- We should treat animals gently.
- He played badly because his foot hurt.
- Your kind words had a big impact on me.
這些字能幫助你討論本單元的核心問題。- 同理心是指你能理解並感受別人的心情。
- 我想像新同學第一天上學的感受。
- 我們應該溫柔地對待動物。
- 他表現得很差，因為他的腳受傷了。
- 你的善意話語對我影響很大。
這課的重點字
- monitor understanding監控理解
- simple present tense現在簡單式
- present progressive現在進行式
- awkward尷尬的；不自在的
- artist藝術家；畫家
- alone單獨的；獨自
- presentation報告；簡報
- volunteer自願；志工