第 1 單元，第 1 課
What Is Science?什麼是科學
點卡片翻面。
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- science科學Science can explain why leaves change color in autumn.
- biology生物學Biology includes the study of cells, genes, and ecosystems.
- observation觀察Her first observation was that the snails stayed on the shady side of the tank.
- quantitative定量的、量化的The mass of each seed is quantitative data.
- qualitative定性的、質性的"The liquid turned cloudy" is a qualitative observation.
- inference推論From the footprints, we made the inference that a deer had crossed the stream.
- hypothesis假說Our hypothesis was that the seeds need light to sprout.
- prediction預測The prediction was that seeds in the dark would not sprout.
- controlled experiment控制實驗A controlled experiment kept the light and water the same for every pot.
- independent variable操縱變因、自變項Water temperature was the independent variable.
- dependent variable應變變因、依變項The number of eggs that hatched was the dependent variable.
- controlled variables控制變因Salt level and light were controlled variables.
- experimental group實驗組The experimental group was kept at 30 °C.
- control group對照組The control group was kept at room temperature.
- data數據、資料We recorded the data in a table every hour.
- inductive reasoning歸納推理Inductive reasoning led to the idea that all birds lay eggs.
- deductive reasoning演繹推理Using deductive reasoning, she predicted that the new bird species would lay eggs.
- descriptive science描述性科學Mapping every tree species in a forest is descriptive science.
- hypothesis-based science假說導向的科學Testing whether a drug slows bacterial growth is hypothesis-based science.
這課的重點字
- science科學
- biology生物學
- observation觀察
- quantitative定量的、量化的
- qualitative定性的、質性的
- inference推論
- hypothesis假說
- prediction預測